Multibeam Swath Bathymetry - Lau Basin
Geophysical Analysis
Data
Lau Basin
Grid Information:
- West = 180
- East = 188
- South = -23
- North = -14
- Grid Nodes: nx = 4001, ny = 4501
- Depth: Max = 10114 m, Min = -861 m
GMT command line arguments:
- -R180/188/-23/-14
- -I.002/.002
Grid Files:
- .CDF (masked), (GZ, 63.51 MB)
Data Source:
- The source of this grid is Zellmer and Taylor, 2001, and is available as the ~220 m grid from the LDEO Ocean Floor Dataset, now Global Multi-Resolution Topography Data Portal (GMRT).
- Reference:
- Zellmer, K., and B. Taylor, A three-plate kinematic model for Lau Basin opening, Geochem. Geophys. Geosystems, Vol. 2, Issue 5, 2000GC000106, 26 pp. DOI: 10.1029/2000GC000106
- NSF Ridge 2000 Program:
- The Lau Basin is a site selected by NSF for their Integrated Studies theme.
Profile Comparisons
Here we compare profiles from swath bathymetry (A) with estimated bathymetry (B), and satellite-derived gravity anomalies (C). Because there are limited constrainted points (black dots in E) in the estimated bathymetry along the profile (red line), and because of the resolution limit of the altimeter data used in the bathymetry prediction, the estimated anomalies (B) do not resolve short-wavelength seafloor features evident in swath bathymetry (A).
| A |  |
B |  |
C |  |
|---|
| D |  |
E |  |
|---|
| F |  |
|---|
Grid Analysis
We compare the difference between altimetry-estimated bathymetry (2 min. grid) and actual swath bathymetry (.002 deg. grid) two ways, because the two are on grids of different spacing and thus may capture different length scales of bathymetric roughness.
For the lower-resolution analysis (G and H), multibeam data were averaged into corresponding 2-arc-minute blocks, and estimated bathymetry was subtracted. For the higher-resolution analysis (I and J), bilinear interpolation was used to obtain estimated bathymetry values at each point on the swath bathymetry grid, then the estimated bathymetry was subtracted.
In both cases, we find the mean difference is ~ 24 m (the swath bathymetry data are systematically shallower); the difference is about 0.6% of the depth. An error like this is expected because of the uncertainties in whether or not data sets used in calibration have been corrected for the variable speed of sound in seawater, errors translating uncorrected sound speeds between nominal fathoms and nominal meters, etc.
The standard deviations about the mean are 117 m for the 2 arcmin averages and 122 m for the multibeam points.
Since 122² - 117² ~= 35²,
We may assume that the root-mean-square (rms) average rounghness captured by the multibeam and not capturable on a 2 arcmin grid is about 35 m. The rms difference at longer scales, 117 m, is due to incomplete information in the estimated bathymetry grid.
| G |  |
H |  |
|---|
| I |  |
J |  |
|---|
Eventually, we want to do a detailed cross-spectral analysis to determine how much of the actual multibeam bathymetry is captured in the altimeter gravity field. Here, we present a very simplified model. We take the multibeam bathymetry (A) and simply calculate a model gravity field, assuming that all the topography has the same density and is entirely uncompensated. This model (L) does not look much like the observed gravity (K), because our assumptions are too simple. The radially-averaged power spectra of the two (M) give some clue as to why.
At wavelengths longer than ~160 km or so, the simple model has too much power, because it does not include the effects of isostatic compensation of the topography. At shorter wavelengths the model also has more power than the altimetric gravity. Some of this is due to smoothing in the altimeter data necessary to remove noise. We don't know whether the simple model is realistic at wavelengths shorter than around 30 km. We need high- quality ship gravity data to compare, and we haven't found any in this area yet.
| K |  |
L |  |
M |  |
|---|