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Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry / Sea Ice and Polar Dynamics Science Team

Arctic Airborne Sea Ice Surveys: Coordinated Activities Table (2009-2019)

Date	OIB Flight	Area	Collaborating Organizations	Experiment	Reference	Notes
21 April 2009	Flight 732 Sea Ice (F11)	Canada Basin	NOAA, NASA, UCL	NASA 2009 NOAA CBSIT Experiment: Envisat under-flight	Connor et al. (2012)	Out-and-back flight along Envisat orbit: ~470 m (OUT), ~760 m (RTN)
25 April 2009*	Flight 736 Sea Ice (F15)	Land-fast ice north of Cape Morris Jesup	NOAA, NASA, CRREL, DTU Space	NASA 2009 NOAA CBSIT Experiment: GreenArc over-flight	Farrell et al. (2012)	In situ snow depth (magnaprobe) and ice thickness (EM31) taken at 5-meter intervals along 2-km-long survey line
5 April 2010	Sea Ice 06 (F08)	Canada Basin	NOAA, NASA OIB, ESA, UCL	NASA OIB 2010 NOAA LSA Experiment Envisat under-flight	Connor et al. (2012)	Out-and-back flight along Envisat orbit: ~425 m (OUT), ~380 m (RTN)
20 April 2010	Sea Ice 07 (F14)	Central Arctic	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA, UCL	NASA OIB 2010 NOAA LSA Experiment CryoSat-2 under-flight	Connor et al. (2011)	Out-and-back flight along CryoSat-2 orbit: ~7620 m (OUT), ~460 m (RTN). ATM and LVIS onboard NASA DC-8.
16 March 2011	Connor Corridor (F01)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2011 NOAA POSIT Experiment Envisat under-flight	Connor et al. (2012)	Out-and-back flight along Envisat orbit: ~470 m (OUT), ~5300 m (RTN)
17 March 2011†	CryoSat-2 Under flight (F02)	North of Alert	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2011 NOAA POSIT Experiment CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit: 4979 at ~ 460 m altitude. Cloud conditions marginal.
23 March 2011*	ICEX Camp Survey (F05)	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, NOAA, NRL, CRREL	NASA OIB 2011 NRL Determining the Impact of Sea Ice Thickness on the Arctic’s Naturally Changing Environment (DISTANCE) ICEX2011 in situ data at NSIDC	Gardner et al. (2012) Newman et al. (2014) Webster et al. (2015)	In situ snow depth (magnaprobe) and ice thickness (EM31) taken at 5-meter intervals along 9-km-long survey line. 2 aircraft conducted over-flights of field site: OIB, NRL (airborne laser altimeter Riegl Q560, 10 GHz pulse-limited precision radar altimeter sensor, photogrammetric camera Applanix DSS-439)
15 April 2011*†	CryoVEx (F20)	North of Alert	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA, UCL, York University, DTU Space, AWI	NASA OIB 2011 ESA CryoVEx 2011 CryoVEx ASIRAS AWI Sea Ice AEM CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016) Kwok and Haas, 2015	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: In situ snow depth and ice thickness. 3 aircraft conducted under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit 5399: OIB, AWI (AEM, laser altimeter), DTU (ASIRAS radar).
15 March 2012*	Beaufort-Chukchi ZigZag (F02)	Barrow, AK Elson Lagoon	NASA OIB, JPL, CRREL, University of Washington/APL	NASA OIB 2012 BRomine, Ozone, and Mercury EXperiement (BROMEX)	Webster et al. (2014)	In situ snow depth (magnaprobe) and ice thickness (EM31)
15 March 2012†	Beaufort-Chukchi ZigZag (F02)	Chukchi Sea	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbits: 10262 and 10263 at ~460 m altitude.
17 March 2012†	Alaska Coastal Zigzag A (F04)	Beaufort / Chukchi Seas	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2012 CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Under-flights of CryoSat-2 orbits: 10291 and 10292 at ~460 m altitude.
21 March 2012†	North Pole Transect (F06)	Lincoln Sea	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit 10346 at ~460 m altitude.
22 March 2012	Connor Corridor (F07)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 Envisat under-flight	Connor et al. (2012)	Out-and-back flight along Envisat orbit: ~470 m (OUT), ~470 m (RTN)
26 March 2012†	Wingham Box (F09)	Central Basin	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 CryoSat-2 under-flight (SARin mode)	Haas et al. (2016) DiBella et al., 2018	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Out-and-back flight along CryoSat-2 orbit 10421: ~1370 m (OUT), ~460 m (RTN), within SARin mode region (aka “Wingham Box”).
28 March 2012†	CryoSat-2 under-flight & Inglefield Bredning/Qaanaaq (F11)	North of Alert	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Out-and-back flight under CryoSat-2 orbit 10450: ~3050 m (OUT), ~460 m (RTN)
28 March 2012*	CryoSat-2 under flight & Inglefield Bredning/Qaanaaq (F11)	Qaanaaq Fjord, Greenland	NASA OIB, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS)	NASA OIB 2012 Qaanaaq Sea Ice Field Campaign		In situ data collected: EM31: Total ice thickness and snow depth; snow depth and limited property measurements; GPS: three-dimensional, cm-level, sea ice motions and deformation; IMB buoy deployments; photography. Over flight completed 1 day after collection of in situ observations.
29 March 2012†	ZigZag West (F12)	Lincoln Sea	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA, York University, DTU Space, AWI	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 CryoVEx 2012 CryoVEx ASIRAS CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: 2 aircraft conducted under-flights of CryoSat-2 orbit 10462: OIB and DTU Space (laser scanner and ASIRAS)
2 April 2012†	Fram Gateway (F14)	Fram Strait	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA, NOAA, York University, DTU Space, AWI	NASA OIB 2012 NOAA AASAA 2012 CryoVEx 2012 CryoVEx ASIRAS CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: 3 aircraft conducted under-flights of CryoSat-2 orbit 10520: OIB, DTU (laser scanner and ASIRAS), AWI Polar 5 (AEM, laser scanner, nadir-looking camera)
10 April 2012	MABEL under-flight (F16)	East Greenland Sea	NASA OIB, NASA ICESat-2	NASA OIB 2012 NASA MABEL data	Farrell et al., 2015	MABEL (NASA photon counting LiDAR) data used in algorithm development for ICESat-2
20 March 2013†	CryoSat-2 (F01)	Lincoln Sea, North of Alert	NASA OIB, ESA	NASA OIB 2013 (data collected in grid) CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit 15632 at ~ 1370 m altitude in gridded survey format. Six 110 km lines and four 80 km lines, yielding composite ATM swath of more than 5 km width, with 25% overlap between swaths.
24 March 2013*	SIZRS ZigZag (F05)	Barrow, AK	NASA OIB, University of Washington/APL, NRL, University of Delaware	NASA OIB 2013 NRL/BROMEX/AOX/ NAICEX/MERLIN	Broniatowska & Woods (2013)	In situ snow depth and sea ice thickness
22 April 2013	North Canada Basin (F22)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, MEDEA	NASA OIB 2013 Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis (MEDEA)		Very-high resolution imagery collected same day as OIB mission
24 April 2013†	North Pole Transect (F24)	Central Basin	NASA OIB, ESA	NASA OIB 2013 CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016)	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit 16139 at ~ 460 m altitude.
25 April 2013	South Canada Basin (MEDEA: 20 Apr. 2013)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, MEDEA	NASA OIB 2013 Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis (MEDEA)		Very-high resolution imagery collected 5 days prior to OIB mission on 20 April 2013
17 March 2014*	North Beaufort Loop (F05)	Barrow, AK (Offshore site and land-fast ice)	NASA OIB, CRREL, NRL	NASA OIB 2014 Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) DISTANCE	Hebert et al., 2014	In situ snow depth (magnaprobe) and ice thickness (EM31) NRL collected complementary airborne data on different days, but ice cover was stationary.
18 March 2014*	East Beaufort (F06)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, CRREL, ONR, NRL, ESA, York University	NASA OIB 2014 ONR MIZ CryoVEx AEM 2014	Haas and Beckers, 2014	In situ snow depth (magnaprobe) and ice thickness (EM31). CryoVEx experiment completed on 21 March 2014.
25 March 2014*	Eureka (F10)	Eureka Sound	NASA OIB, ECCC	NASA OIB 2014 ASIRAS Eureka 2014	King et al. (2015)	Extensive set of in situ snow depth observations (magnaprobe) along 70-km-long survey region. DTU airborne ASIRAS data collected at same time.
26 March 2014†	Zig Zag West (F11)	North of Alert	NASA OIB, ESA, DTU Space, York University	NASA OIB 2014 CryoVEx AEM 2014 ASIRAS CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al. (2016) Haas and Beckers, 2014	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: 3 aircraft conducted under-flights of CryoSat-2 orbit 21011: OIB, DTU (ASIRAS), York University (AEM)
28 March 2014	South Canada Basin (MEDEA: 8 April 2014)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, MEDEA	NASA OIB 2014 Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis (MEDEA)	Arntsen et al., 2015	Time-series of very-high resolution imagery. Data collection initiated on 8 April 2014 and continued through melt season.
31 March 2014*†	CryoVEx Nord (F13)	Cape Morris Jesup	NASA OIB, ESA, York University	NASA OIB 2014 CryoVEx AEM 2014	Haas et al. (2016) Haas and Beckers, 2014	ESA CryoVal Golden Day: In situ snow depth (magnaprobe) and ice thickness (EM31)
3 April 2014	North Canada Basin (MEDEA: 8 April 2014)	Canada Basin	NASA OIB, MEDEA	NASA OIB 2014 Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis (MEDEA)	Arntsen et al., 2015	Time-series of very-high resolution imagery. Data collection initiated on 8 April 2014 and continued through melt season.
19 March 2015*	Nansen Gap	Fram Strait	NASA OIB, NPI	NASA OIB 2015 N-ICE2015	King et al., 2018 Rösel et al., 2018 Rösel et al., 2021	In situ snow depth and ice thickness
24 March 2015*	Zig Zag East	Station Nord	NASA OIB, University of Manitoba	NASA OIB 2015 University of Manitoba, Aarhus University and Greenland Climate Research Center Arctic Science Partnership (ASP-Nord)		In situ snow depth and ice thickness
25 March 2015	North Pole Transect	Central Arctic, between North Pole and Greenland	NASA OIB, ESA	NASA OIB 2015 CryoSat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit on return leg of mission
29 March 2015*	North Beaufort Loop	Barrow, AK	NASA OIB, WHOI/BGEP, NRL	NASA OIB 2015 BGEP ULS data Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) field site	Gardner et al., 2015	Over flights of BGEP ULS moorings GAM-1, BGOS-B, BGOS-C. In situ snow depth and ice thickness observations collected at NRL land-fast ice site plus NRL airborne observations.
30 March 2015	SIZRS Zigzag	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, University of Washington/SIZRS, WHOI/BGEP	NASA OIB 2015 Univ Washington/SIZRS BGEP ULS data		Conducted flight along SIZRS 150W survey line. Over flights of BGEP ULS moorings BGOS-A and BGOS-D.
19 April 2016*	Eureka	Eureka Sound, Canadian Arctic Archipelago	NASA OIB, ECCC, NOAA	NASA OIB 2016 ECCC Eureka 2016	King et al., 2020	Extensive set of in situ snow depth observations (magnaprobe), snow characterization, sea ice thickness. Field experiment completed prior to arrival of NOAA P-3B aircraft on site.
21 April 2016	SIZRS ZigZag	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, University of Washington/SIZRS, ESA/EUMETSAT, UAF, WHOI/BGEP	NASA OIB 2016 Univ Washington/SIZRS BGEP ULS data	Leuliette et al., 2016	Conducted flight along SIZRS 150W survey line. Under-flight of Sentinel-3A orbit 0186. Satellite passed overhead at 21:48 UTC. Sample ICESat-2 ground track pattern flown along the “UAF racetrack” offshore Barrow, AK. Over flight of BGEP ULS moorings BGOS-A and BGOS-D.
03 May 2016	North Pole Transect	Central Arctic, between Greenland and North Pole	NASA OIB, ESA	NASA OIB 2016 CryoSat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit. 3-hour time difference between CryoSat-2 and OIB acquisitions.
13 July 2016	SIZRS	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, University of Washington/SIZRS, WHOI/BGEP	NASA OIB Summer 2016 Univ Washington/SIZRS BGEP ULS data OIB/DMS surface melt classification data	Buckley et al., 2020	Conducted flight along SIZRS 150W survey line. The Coast Guard C-130 with the SIZRS experiment passed near at 21:33Z. Over flight of BGEP ULS moorings GAM1 at 20:07Z and NBGOSB at 20:43Z.
14 July 2016	Buoy Farm	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, University of Washington, ESA	NASA OIB Summer 2016 Univ. Washington buoy cluster OIB/DMS surface melt classification data CryoSat-2 under-flight	Buckley et al., 2020	Conducted flight to survey cluster of University of Washington buoys. The first pass across the buoys was conducted at 21:01Z, with a second pass at 21:06Z. Entered CryoSat-2 orbit at 21:51Z, a short time before the satellite passed overhead. CryoSat-2 passed over at 22:34Z. Latency was therefore less than ~43 minutes.
19 July 2016	Clean Up	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, ESA	NASA OIB Summer 2016 OIB/DMS surface melt classification data CryoSat-2 under-flight	Buckley et al., 2020	The CryoSat-2 satellite passed over at 2317Z, about 20 minutes after the survey line was completed.
21 July 2016	Southeast Beaufort	Beaufort Sea	NASA OIB, WHOI/BGEP	NASA OIB Summer 2016 BGEP ULS data OIB/DMS surface melt classification data	Buckley et al., 2020	Survey line passed over BGEP mooring. Data on at 20:57Z and off at 21:10Z
12 March 2017*	North Beaufort Loop	Beaufort and Chukchi Sea	NASA OIB, WHOI/BGEP	NASA OIB 2017 BGEP ULS data Sentinel-3A under-flight	Connor et al., 2018	Over flights of BGEP ULS moorings GAM-1, BGOS-B, BGOS-C. Under-flight of Sentinel-3A at 2302Z within about 2 hours of satellite overpass.
23 March 2017	Zig Zag West	North of Alert	NASA OIB, NASA-G3	NASA OIB 2017 CryoSat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit 36878. Coordinated NASA OIB and NASA G3 flight surveys.
24 March 2017*†	CryoVEx	North of Greenland	NASA OIB, AWI, ESA	NASA OIB 2017 AWI Sea Ice AEM CryoSat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbit 36892. Satellite passed overhead 2.5 minutes after completing the line. AWI Polar 5 and ESA/CryoVEx twin otter coordination during CryoSat-2 overpass.
11 April 2017*	CryoVEx-2	Central Arctic, from Alert to -150 W	NASA OIB, ESA, York University	NASA OIB 2017 CryoVEx line CryoSat-2 under-flight	Haas et al., 2017 Skourup et al., 2019	Coordination with CryoVEx in-situ campaign. Under-flight of CryoSat-2 track 37179.
25 July 2017	Greeley North	Arctic Ocean	NASA OIB, University of Washington/APL	NASA OIB Summer 2017 OIB/DMS surface melt classification data	Buckley et al., 2020	Mission followed advected sea ice from the CryoVEx-2 (11 April) and South Basin Transect (20 March) spring 2017 missions. Two buoy sites (Univ. Washington/APL) were overflown at 13:44:04Z and 13:46:31Z.
4 April 2018	North Pole Transect	Central Arctic, between Greenland and North Pole	NASA OIB, ESA, AWI, USGS and Asiaq	NASA OIB 2018 CryoSat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of southwestern edge of CryoSat-2 orbit 42345 which occurred 1 hour and 54 minutes prior. Also collected data at a study site on shore-fast ice near Alert in conjunction with CryoVEx and AWI, short segment in Inglefield Land to support a hydrology study, and a site NE of Thule for USGS/Asiaq.
7 April 2018	North Beaufort Loop	Beaufort and Chukchi Sea	NASA OIB, WHOI/BGEP	NASA OIB 2018 BGEP ULS data buoy cluster Sentinel-3A under-flight	Connor et al., 2018	Overflew BGEP ULS moorings GAM-1, BGOS-B, and BGOS-C. Mission modified to overfly a buoy cluster, as well as to underfly the Sentinel-3A at 22:26:57Z (7 minutes after OIB)
8 April 2018	Chukchi West	Chukchi Sea	NASA OIB, NRL	NASA OIB 2018 NRL ICEX 2018 ice camp buoy cluster	Mahoney et al., 2018	Mission modified to fly over a buoy cluster and the completed ICEX survey area. Buoy cluster was passed over at 20:12:23Z and the ICEX camp was passed over at 20:21Z.
6 April 2019	Zig Zag East	N Greenland & Lincoln Sea	NASA OIB, ESA	NASA OIB 2019 CryoSat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of CryoSat-2 orbits 47671 (latency of 2 hrs, 44 min before OIB) & 47672 (latency of 2 hrs, 55 min before OIB).
8 April 2019	Arc Ocean 1: Racetrack	Canadian Archipelago W/NW of Eureka	NASA OIB, NASA ICESat-2	NASA OIB 2019 ICESat-2 under-flight	Kwok et al., 2019 Duncan and Farrell, 2020	Under-flight of ICESat-2 RGT 157 with zero latency. Surveyed beams 1L and 2L three times each.
12 April 2019	Arc Ocean 2: Racetrack	Central Arctic Ocean	NASA OIB, NASA ICESat-2	NASA OIB 2019 ICESat-2 under-flight	Kwok et al., 2019	Under-flight of ICESat-2 RGT 218 with 2 minutes latency. Satellite passed overhead at 13:03 UTC. Surveyed beams 1L and 2L three times each with a 425-meter offset.
19 April 2019	Arc Ocean 3: Long Line	From Canadian Archipelago to west of north pole	NASA OIB, NASA ICESat-2	NASA OIB 2019 ICESat-2 under-flight	Kwok et al., 2019 Duncan and Farrell, 2020	Under-flight of ICESat-2 RGT 325 with zero latency at 13:10:46 UTC. Corrected course for sea ice drift relative to time since ICESat-2's passing multiple times during flight.
20 April 2019	Nansen Gap	Fram Strait Gateway	NASA OIB, NOAA, ESA	NASA OIB 2019 Sentinel-3B under-flight	Egido et al., 2019	Under-flight of Sentinel-3B with zero latency at 15:00:34 UTC.
22 April 2019	Arc Ocean 4: Long Line	Central Arctic Ocean	NASA OIB, NASA ICESat-2	NASA OIB 2019 ICESat-2 under-flight	Kwok et al., 2019 Farrell et al., 2020 Duncan and Farrell, 2020	Under-flight of ICESat-2 RGT 371 with 38 minutes latency.
9 September 2019	Racetrack West	N Greenland	NASA OIB, NASA ICESat-2	ICESat-2 under-flight		Under-flight of ICESat-2 RGT 1123 with zero latency. At 14:57:17 Z AVIRIS/IS-2 on the B200 and ICESat-2 overflew OIB

* Indicates mission involving the collection of complementary in situ data on sea ice. In cases where data are publicly available the link to in situ data source is included.

† Indicates a European Space Agency (ESA) CryoVal-Sea Ice Golden Day, defined as missions involving multiple, coordinated aircraft surveys of sea ice along coincident CryoSat-2 orbits (Haas et al., 2016).

Source: Farrell, S. L. and K. Duncan (University of Maryland), J. Richter-Menge (University of Alaska Fairbanks), June 2021.